UNIVERSITY OF BUCHAREST
FACULTY OF PHYSICS

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2026-06-11 23:58
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Conference: Bucharest University Faculty of Physics 2026 Meeting


Section: Physics and Technology of Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources


Title:
The Influence of Microplastics on the Aquatic Environment


Authors:
Alexandra SISILICĂ-MARTIN (1), Marcela Elisabeta BĂRBÎNȚĂ-PĂTRAȘCU (1), Cornelia NICHITA (2,3)


Affiliation:
1) University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, 405 Atomistilor Street, PO Box MG-11, 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania

2) University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, ICUB, CTT 3Nano-SAE Research Center, MG-38, 405 Atomistilor Street, 077125, Magurele, Romania

3) National Institute for Chemical – Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 112 Vitan Avenue, 031299, Bucharest, Romania


E-mail
alexandra18sisilica@gmail.com


Keywords:
Microplastics, aquatic pollution, environmental contamination, aquatic ecosystems, plastic degradation, bioaccumulation


Abstract:
Plastic pollution represents one of the most persistent environmental problems affecting aquatic ecosystems worldwide [1]. Due to the physicochemical properties of synthetic polymers, plastic materials do not completely biodegrade but gradually fragment into smaller particles known as microplastics, defined as plastic particles smaller than 5 mm [2]. These particles originate from both primary sources, such as cosmetic products and industrial pellets, and secondary sources resulting from the degradation of larger plastic waste. This study analyzes the origin, physical degradation mechanisms, transport, and environmental impact of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems. Particular attention is given to photodegradation under ultraviolet radiation, the release of toxic additives, and the adsorption of pollutants on microplastic surfaces [3]. The paper also highlights the processes of bioaccumulation and biomagnification within aquatic food chains, emphasizing potential risks for both ecosystems and human health. Furthermore, the study discusses current research trends, existing environmental challenges in Romania and worldwide, as well as possible prevention and mitigation strategies. Effective solutions include reducing single-use plastics, improving wastewater treatment systems, promoting biodegradable materials, and increasing public environmental awareness. The research underlines the necessity of integrated international actions for reducing the impact of microplastics on the environment and protecting aquatic biodiversity.


References:

[1] Thompson R.C. et al., Lost at Sea: Where Is All the Plastic?, Science, vol. 304, pp. 838, 2004.

[2] Andrady A.L., Microplastics in the Marine Environment, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol. 62, pp. 1596–1605, 2011.

[3] Cole M. et al., Microplastics as Contaminants in the Marine Environment, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol. 62, pp. 2588–2597, 2011.

Acknowledgement:
The authors would like to thank the European Commission and CNCS/CCCDI-UEFISCDI for funding in the frame of the collaborative international consortium WaterGreenTreat financed under the 2022 Joint call of the European Partnership 101060874 — Water4All. This work was supported by a grant of the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, CNCS/CCCDI - UEFISCDI, project number COFUND-WATER4ALL-WATER Green Treat-1, No. 59/2024, within PNCDI IV.